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Cascading Style Sheets - Archive

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Resources

W3C Cascading Style Sheets Home Page

W3C CSS Validation Service - a free service that checks Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) in (X)HTML documents or standalone for conformance to W3C recommendations.

More Eric Meyer on CSS, By Tony Crockford. Digital Web Magazine, July 28, 2004 - Book Review.

Cascading Style Sheets - University of Minnesota, Duluth, Information Technology Systems and Services, Web Design References. - Comprehensive list of resources on the how, when why etc of css.

Complete css guide. Web Standards Software and Learning - "Hi and welcome to the Westciv Complete CSS Guide, a free online reference to every aspect of cascading style sheets. If you've got a question about CSS the answer is sure to be here..."

CSS Color Chart - somacon.com - "This page contains a neutral colors chart and a general-purpose color chart. You can use the colors in the palletes with either HTML or CSS. Click on the color code to select it, then you can copy and paste it. Click on the Toggle button to convert from Hex to RGB and back. The charts are printed in tabular fashion so you can narrow your browser window with the pallete and compare the colors to your design side-by-side...."

CSS Help Pile - Links and Discussion About the Best CSS Resources Available on the Web.

CSS reference - utility that enables you to test your CSS code

CSS template gallery - Template:css collects many css formatted page templates, developed and distributed by different designers. Our aim is to provide an easy to use, comprehensive repository where people can find what they need. These tools help both experienced professionals, who want to speed up their developing process by using tested templates, and css newbies. Css templates provide a fully commented page layout, which turns out to be a great learning tool..."

CSSTidy is an opensource CSS parser and optimiser. It is available as executeable file (available for Windows, Linux and OSX) which can be controlled per command line and as PHP script (both with almost the same functionality).

Full CSS Property Compatibility Chart - The following chart shows all CSS1, CSS2 and Internet Explorer CSS extensions and grades the level of support each recieves in a given browser.

List-u-Like CSS Generator - "Create cross-browser list-based navigation bars with ease... "

Typetester - maratz.com - "The Typetester is an online application for comparison of the fonts for the screen. Its’ primary role is to make web designer’s life easier. As the new fonts are bundled into operating systems, the list of the common fonts will be updated..."

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Link Styles

CSS Link Styles 2004. projectseven.com, 2004. "Want to know how to create CSS link styles (pseudoclasses)? It's easy! Just follow along and you'll be a master in no time..."

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Navigation Menus

CSS & navigation menus. Webcredible, July 2004. "It's truly remarkable what can be achieved through CSS, especially with navigation menus..."

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Printer Friendly Versions

A print alternative without the extra work, by Tony Patton. ZDNet, 5 March 2004. "Providing printer-friendly versions of your content used to mean creating a separate copy of the content designed specifically for the print device. Thanks to cascading style sheets, there's a better way..."

CSS Tip: Design Print-Friendly Pages, by Larisa Thomason. NetMechanic, Inc., v.8, no.5, September 2005. "Web designers who struggle with browser display issues often forget another common way people view Web pages; many print a page for later reference. Use Cascading Style Sheets to set print parameters for your pages and increase the usability and accessibility for all your visitors..."

ALA’s New Print Styles, by Eric Meyer. Alist Apart, September 19, 2005. "As things began to come together for the launch of ALA 4.0, we realized that the print styles weren’t up to where they needed to be. Thanks to some maddening browser behaviors, articles were printing out partially, or with severely mangled layout. It wasn’t just one browser, either. This was something that would need time and energy to address, and all our time and energy was going into making sure the launch went smoothly..."

Print-Friendly Web Pages For Your Visitors, By Barry Welford. Search Engine Guide, October 17, 2005. "Print-friendly web pages may be something you don't think much about. However the odds are high that your web pages aren't print-friendly. Only a small fraction of your visitors may wish to print out some web pages. Nevertheless they may well be the most enthusiastic visitors you have. Of course in some cases by modifying the printer set-up and using landscape pages or Printing to Fit, if they remember, they may be able to do something. However many may give up in frustration..."

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Tables

CSS Tables, by Robert Denton - June 2002. "Tables styled with CSS rules are much more efficient, if done well, than the old method of using font tags, a lot of color tags, and more...These tables are forward looking in the use of CSS but also degrade with a bit of grace for older browsers (NS4). Instead of all the cruft that came with tables before, now we can just use the tags..."

Designing Data Part 1: Table structure. snook.ca, June 8, 2004. "The goal of this two-part article is to demonstrate how to create XHTML-compliant tables and how to style them effectively using CSS..."

Designing Data Part 2: Adding Style. Snook.ca, June 13, 2004. " The goal of this two-part article is to demonstrate how to create XHTML-compliant tables and how to style them effectively using CSS..."

Styling Tables with CSS - "It is truly sad that IE6 for Windows does not support the border-spacing style! Luckily, that browser does at least get rid of the cell spacing when you use border-collapse..."

Why CSS styling is for tables too. Michael Meadhra. Builder.com, July 7, 2004, "Due to the shift from tables-based layouts to structural markup with CSS styling, many Web builders feel that tables have no place on a modern, standards-based Web page. Actually, nothing could be further from the truth..."

Getting your DIVs to behave like TABLEs. snook.ca, July 15, 2004. ""Oh, the complexity of those multi-column layouts! It was so much easier with tables!" I hear you say. You'd be surprised at just how easy it can be to put together a multi-column layout with CSS2.1..."

PrintingTables. incutio.com, 25 October 2004. "When long data tables are printed, it's often very helpful (from the user's point of view) for the header row to be repeated at the top of each printed page. To do this, you need to define two additional HTML elements <thead> and <tbody>. See the [HTML 4.01 spec Section 11.2.3]. The spec doesn't make the desired behaviour mandatory but does suggest that browsers could usefully implement their support for <thead> in this way...."

A CSS styled table. verrle.duoh.com, March 17, 2005. "Further to my article about the creation of a CSS calendar the thought crossed my mind to show you an example on how you can style a table using CSS. The data of tables can be boring so all the more reason that we need to attract attention to it and make it as pleasant to read as possible. Presentation and design with some basic accessibility rules in mind is the way to go..."

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Text Styling

CSS Tip: Adding Whitespace To Text, by Larisa Thomason. NetMechanic, May 2003, Vol. 6, No. 9. "There are just a few ways in HTML to control line breaks and spacing. The most common are break tags and the PRE tag. The PRE tag is easiest, but you can't control the text font or color. The CSS white-space property lets you style the text to match the rest of your page - but only in browsers that support it..."

The CSS Anthology: 101 Essential Tips, Tricks and Hacks, Chapter 2 - Text Styling and Other Basics, By Rachel Andrew. Site Point, November 17, 2004. "This chapter explores the applications of CSS for styling text, and covers a lot of CSS basics as well as answering some of the more frequently asked questions. If you're new to CSS, these examples will introduce you to a variety of properties and usages, and will give you a broad overview from which to start your own experiments with CSS. For those who are already familiar with CSS, this chapter will serve as a quick refresher for those moments when you can't quite remember how to achieve a certain effect..."

W3C - Working Draft: CSS3 Text Effects 2005-06-27: The CSS Working Group has released a Working Draft of the CSS3 Text Effects Module. The draft addresses white space, line breaks, word boundaries, text wrapping, alignment, justification and spacing. With the upcoming module "Text Layout," it replaces and obsoletes the May 2003 Text Module. Visit the CSS home page.

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Articles

CSS Tip: Preloading Images With CSS, by Larisa Thomason, NetMechanic, Inc., November 2003, Vol. 6, No. 18. "Web site visitors hate to wait, so many Web designers preload images to speed up page display. Although JavaScript is the most common way to preload images, it isn't your only option. Consider using the CSS DISPLAY property instead. It may be more reliable and it requires less complex code.."

Keep CSS Simple, By Peter-Paul Koch. Digital Web Magazine, November 2003. "When I wrote my first Keep it Simple column I assumed the old, overly-complex way of looking at Web site creation was on the way out. Web developers were consciously moving towards a simpler way of making sites, or so I fondly imagined..."

CSS Design: Custom Underlines, by Stuart Robertson. Alistapart, 2 February 2004 – Issue No. 169. "While web designers generally have a great deal of control over how a document should be presented, basic CSS doesn’t provide many options for the stlye of underlines below the links on a page. But with a few nips and tucks, you can take back creative control of the way your links look..."

CSS from the Ground Up. Joe Gillespie, 2004. "If you are frightened by the prospects of using Cascading Style Sheets, there's no need to be. Using a computer can be daunting for someone coming to it afresh but after a while, you think nothing of it. It all comes down to taking small steps to begin with and that's what I'm going to do in this series of tutorials. One step at a time! Whether you normally use a WYSIWYG editor and stay clear of that source stuff in the background or even if you have never created a Web page at all, this tutorial will set you off in the right direction. It assumes little or no knowledge of putting a Web page together. It really is 'from the ground up'..."

High Accessibility, High Design - CSS to the rescue, by Joe Clark, Naarvoren, March 5, 2004. "I’m going to make a sweeping generalization here and say there are two grand reasons why people get involved in Web development: They like the programming and coding (they’re technical) or they like visual design on the Web (they’re artistic)..."

CSS Tip: Styling Lists With CSS, by Larisa Thomason. NetMechanic, March 2004, Vol. 7, No. 5. "Lists are great way to emphasize important page content. Visitors use them to quickly scan the page for important information. Basic lists are useful, but you can add even more visual interest and prominence using CSS to style them. Just watch for some potential browser display problems..."

CSS Killer Tips for Dreamweaver, by Joseph Lowery and Angela Buraglia. " The tips in this article are a sampling of those that appear in the book Dreamweaver MX 2004 Killer Tips by Joseph Lowery and Angela Buraglia, published by New Riders..."

Gradually Implementing CSS in Your Site, by Greg Rewis, Dreamweaver Evangelist. "In my last article, Why Use CSS?, I talked about the benefits of using CSS in your web design and development endeavors. Since that article hit the Macromedia website, I have been literally inundated with e-mail asking, How do I move from traditional HTML markup to CSS? The answer, as you all know, is "Very carefully."..."

CSS from the Ground Up, by Joe Gillespie. Web Page Design for Designers, 2004. "Introduction - If you are frightened by the prospects of using Cascading Style Sheets, there's no need to be. Using a computer can be daunting for someone coming to it afresh but after a while, you think nothing of it. It all comes down to taking small steps to begin with and that's what I'm going to do in this series of tutorials. One step at a time!..."

CSS Tip: Create Your Own HTML Tags, by Larisa Thomason. NetMechanic, May 2004, Vol. 7, No. 7. "Do HTML rules cramp your style? Ever wish you could create your own tag what would behave just like you want? Well you can. Combine the SPAN element with CSS rules to create your own custom tags..."

Why Use CSS? The benefits offer the best reason. MX Developers Journal, May 19, 2004. "Summary - Since the launch of Dreamweaver MX 2004, I've had numerous opportunities to demonstrate its new features and power to both new and existing Dreamweaver users. As with any product demonstration, it doesn't take long before I'm singing the praises of Dreamweaver MX 2004's abilities to design and render CSS, or Cascading Style Sheets."

CSS Tip: Be Careful When You Size Your DIVs, by Larisa Thomason. NetMechanic, June 2004 - Vol. 7, No. 8. "Moving from a table layout to one using CSS can be frustrating if you aren't prepared to deal with a common browser display problem. Table cells expand to hold all the content placed between opening and closing TD tags. DIV tags behave the same way -sometimes. At other times, the content spills outside the DIV. We'll explain why this happens..."

Visual Formatting. MX Developers Journal, May 19, 2004. "Summary - Support for cascading style sheets, or CSS, has been present in Dreamweaver for many years; you may have taken advantage of it as just another software feature without really knowing how to utilize it fully, efficiently, and correctly. This article will introduce you to some general guidelines to follow while setting up and working with CSS-based Web pages so you can achieve more consistent rendering cross-browser..."

Why a CSS website layout will make you money, by Trenton Moss. Webcredible, August 2004. "Although CSS layouts have been around for years, they haven't become so commonplace until recently. This was basically due to limited browser support (especially from Netscape 4) - nowadays though, CSS 2.0 (which introduced positioning) is compatible with over 99% of browsers out there (check out the browser stats over at The Counter)..."

Absolutely relative, by Joe Gillespie.  Web Page Design, Issue 77, September 2004. "The concepts of absolute and relative positioning in CSS can be quite confusing and are often misunderstood..."

Browser Tip: Getting Strict With Explorer 6, by Larisa Thomason. NetMechanic, Inc, September 2004, Vol. 7, No. 10. "More than a few Web designers were puzzled when their carefully-designed pages that looked great in Explorer 5.5 fell completely apart when viewed with Explorer 6. That's because Explorer 6 completely supports all the properties, values, and features defined in the CSS 1 specification. The change greatly reduced browser compatibility problems between Explorer, Netscape, Opera, and Mozilla..."

Ten CSS tricks you may not know, by Trenton Moss, evolt.org, 1 September 2004

Integrating CSS with Content Management Systems, by By Victor Lombardi. Digital Web Magazine, September 15, 2004. "Building CSS editing features into our content management systems allows us to make style changes as easily as we make content changes. In the future, managing the design of a Web site at the tactical level will be as easy and efficient as managing content..."

Really Undoing html.css. meyerweb.com, 15 September 2004. "There’s an aspect of document presentation most of us don’t consider: the browser defaults. If you take an HTML or XHTML document—for the purposes of this exercise, assume it contains no presentational markup—and load it up in a Web browser with no CSS applied, there will still be some presentational effects. A level-one heading, for example, is usually boldfaced and a good deal larger than other text, thus leading to the old stereotype of headings being “big and ugly"; the pre element typically honors whitespace and uses a monospace font; a paragraph is separated from other elements by a “blank line"; and so on. From a CSS point of view, all this happens because the browser has built-in styles..."

Manipulating Space with CSS, by Christopher Schmitt, author of CSS Cookbook, 21 September 2004. "One of the main strengths of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is how the technology handles web typography. Web designers and developers no longer have to use a puzzling array of nested fonts, b elements, and single-pixel GIFs (SPGs) to create compelling text treatments. For example, CSS easily renders effects like adjusting the space between two letters, or separating whole words within a paragraph..."

Developing a CSS strategy, by Michael Meadhra. builder.com.com, November 10, 2004. This article originally appeared in the Design & Usability Tactics newsletter. "One of the big advantages of using CSS is that it saves you time and effort by pulling repetitious formatting code out of the HTML markup and consolidating it in the CSS style sheet. You can reuse styles to format multiple text blocks and to control layout and formatting on multiple pages. And, having reusable formatting in a centralized location saves development time—especially when you need to edit or update the Web site..."

CSS Tip: Incredible Shrinking CSS Rules, by Larisa Thomason. NetMechanic, Inc., November 2004, Vol. 7, No. 11. "It really isn't possible to use "just a little" CSS on a Web page. Once you see how easy they are to code and enjoy the control they give you over design and display, you'll use them more and more. Soon the page's HEAD section (or external style sheet) is weighted down with classes, IDs, and bloated style rules..."

CSS hacks & browser detection, by Trenton Moss. Webcredible, December 2004. "More and more web developers are ditching tables and coming round to the idea of using CSS to control the layout of their site. With the many benefits of using CSS, such as quicker download time, improved accessibility and easier site management, why not?..."

CSS shorthand properties, by Trenton Moss. Webcredible, November 2004. "One of the main advantages of using CSS is the large reduction in web page download time. To style text, you used to have to use the <font> tag over and over again. You probably also laid out your site with tables, nested tables and spacer gifs. Now all that presentational information can be placed in one CSS document, with each command listed just once..."

The CSS Anthology: 101 Essential Tips, Tricks and Hacks, Chapter 3 - CSS and Images, By Rachel Andrew. Site Point, November 24th 2004. "Given many of the designs favored by the CSS purists, you'd be forgiven for thinking that the image is soon to be a thing of the past, eschewed in favor of clean, standards-compliant, CSS-formatted, text-based design..."

The CSS Anthology: 101 Essential Tips, Tricks and Hacks, Chapter 4 - Navigation, By Rachel Andrew. December 1, 2004. "Unless you limit yourself to one-page Web sites, you will need to design navigation. In fact, navigation is among the most important parts of any Web design, and requires a great deal of thought if visitors are to get around your site easily..."

Big, Stark & Chunky, by Joe Clark. A List Apart, 11 January 2005 – Issue No. 191. "Research shows that low-vision people need dramatically different web design. CSS lets you give them what they need..."

CSS: Cascading Style Sheets Made Easy, By Taylor Anderson. Webreference.com, February 7, 2005. "HTML was originally intended to be used to define the content of a document using tags such as <h1>, <p>, <table> and the browser was to take care of the layout without the use of formatting tags like <font>..."

Applied CSS Management and Optimization. fiftyfoureleven.com, 17 February, 2005. "In Discussing CSS Management and Optimization we looked at some of the methods used to code and manage CSS, and saw that taken together they could result in a lot of code spread across several stylesheets. In this post we will look at some methods for dealing with that extra code and those extra http requests..."

Discussing CSS Management and Optimization. fiftyfoureleven.com, 17 February, 2005. "As more large scale sites are migrating towards CSS, it is becoming apparent that the management of complex CSS documents is somewhat of an issue. What follows is the first post in a two post 'series'. Here in the first post we look at some of the ideas being used to manage stylesheets and the results of these tradeoffs. The second post will look at the balances that we can use to keep those results in check..."

W3C - Working Draft: CSS3 Backgrounds and Borders 2005-02-16: The CSS Working Group has released a Working Draft of CSS3 Backgrounds and Borders Module. The Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) language is used to render structured documents like HTML and XML on screen, on paper and in speech. Replacing two separate CSS3 modules, the draft proposes CSS Level 3 functionality including borders consisting of images and backgrounds with multiple images. Visit the CSS home page.

CSS Troubleshooting - From Codex. "It is the goal of this article to help you solve your layout design problems within the CSS file, not within the HTML or PHP files..."

CSS: Getting Into Good Coding Habits, By Adrian Senior. CommunityMX.com. "In this article we will look at what might be considered best practices, or perhaps, good coding habits to get into. To begin, we will look at removing any defaults that a browser may add to our elements and then look at how we can explicitly set the values we want. If you are new to CSS, you may want to bring yourself up to speed by reading a series of tutorials I wrote called An introduction to CSS. This links to the first tutorial in the series, which has links to all the earlier tutorials..."

Customizing Styles: User-Controlled Style Sheets, part 1, by Alejandro Gervasio. Dev Articles, 6 April 2005. "Giving your visitors more control over how they see your website makes for a very user-friendly experience. If you get a lot of visually impaired Web surfers, you might want to set up a "switcher" to allow them to switch between the default version and a high-contrast version of your website. In this first of a three-part article series, Alejandro Gervasio explains a couple of simple ways to set this up..."

Quirks mode and strict mode - "Quirks mode and strict mode are the two 'modes' modern browsers can use to interpret your CSS. This page gives a short overview of the reasons for and the differences between these two modes..."

Untold Mysteries of CSS, By Molly Holzschlag. Informit.com, December 23, 2004. Article is provided courtesy of Peachpit Press. "Three untold CSS mysteries you might not know about include the universal selector, !important keywords, and multi-classes. Molly Holzschlag looks behind the curtain to show you how these under-described aspects of CSS can be put to use to assist with diagnostics during development, savvy global styling, out-and-out hacks, better design flexibility, and accessibility..."

Exploring Footers, by Bobby van der Sluis. AlistApart, 6 February 2004 – Issue No. 170. "One of the nice things about old-school table layout methods is that they enable you to create liquid page designs very easily. If you want to center content vertically or stick a footer to the bottom of the browser window, all you have to do is include one main table with a height of 100% and position elements inside of it. With web standards, you can’t do this anymore..."

How to Create a Frames Layout with CSS, By Stu Nicholls. WebReference.com, 26 April 2005. "Introduction - By far the most sought after use of CSS is to emulate the dated html 'frame' layout, whereby the header, navigation and footer stay on screen at all times and the content area will scroll. Since the adoption of the fixed position style by the latest browsers this is quite an easy task for CSS. Unfortunately, Internet Explorer hasn't introduced this style into it's repertoire (perhaps IE7 will correct this deficiency when it's released later this year)..."

Spring Into HTML & CSS: Working with Color and Images Using CSS, by Molly Holzschlag. Web Reference, 16 May 2005. "Color is one area where CSS has long been our friend. Because color is determined by a combination of the computer’s hardware capabilities, the operating system, and the browser, we’ve been able to use CSS to color backgrounds and text since relatively early in the life of style sheets. Here you’ll learn to apply color to page backgrounds and element backgrounds, and even spice up tables with color..."

Learn CSS, part 2: Units of Measurement, Contributed by Michael Youssef. devarticles - Web Style Sheets, 23 May 2005. "In this second article in a multi-part series covering Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), we will discuss units of measurement for establishing the size of certain elements in your Web page. You will learn the difference between absolute and relative units of measurement, and which ones are better to use for particular purposes..."

CSS Tip: Catch Visitors' Interest With Headlines, by Larisa Thomason. NetMechanic, Inc., May 2005, Vol. 8, No. 4. "Images look nice, but eyetracking research shows that visitors look at text - particularly headlines and sections headers - before they notice the images. Snappy headlines that are carefully formatted for readability are a great way to catch visitors' interest and draw them deeper into your site..."

Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 revision 1 - CSS 2.1 Specification - W3C Working Draft 13 June 2005. "This specification defines Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 revision 1 (CSS 2.1). CSS 2.1 is a style sheet language that allows authors and users to attach style (e.g., fonts and spacing) to structured documents (e.g., HTML documents and XML applications). By separating the presentation style of documents from the content of documents, CSS 2.1 simplifies Web authoring and site maintenance..."

DIV Based Layout with CSS, Contributed by Alejandro Gervasio. Web Style Sheets, 21 December 2004. "Most Web page designers use a table-based layout to achieve a coherent and consistent look. There's a different way to achieve the same look. Using CSS and DIV tags reduces markup code, speeds up page downloads, separates content from its visual presentation, and brings your code closer to Web standards compliance--all while making your website more appealing to search engine spiders. Alejandro Gervasio explains how it's done, with copious examples..."

Div Mania, byGez Lemon. Juicy Studio, 2 June 2005. "Summary - More and more web documents are appearing that consist of nothing more than a collection of div elements. In most cases, better use of CSS selectors could be used to avoid overusing the div element..."

Learn CSS, part 1, Contributed by Michael Youssef. Web Style Sheets, 16 May 2005. "While HTML lets you do many things, Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) let you do even more. In particular, they can save you a great deal of work when you want to make changes to the appearance of a Web page or even an entire website. This first article in a series covering CSS will explain where the CSS specification comes from and show you just a few of the ways you can use CSS..."

Learn CSS, Manipulating Colors, Contributed by Michael Youssef. Web Style Sheets, 30 May 2005. "In the thrid part of this series still covering CSS Basics, Michael Youssef discusses manipulating colors in CSS. He also takes a brief look at the hexadecimal number system and how it's useful with color values. He also defines the meaning of a keyword and the Hexadecimal number system..."

Building a page template - a step by step tutorial. maxdesign.com.au, 2005. "A quick step-by-step demonstration of how the Web Essentials template was built using CSS..."

CSS contents and browser compatibility - "Originally set up as a CSS2 tests site, I quickly crossed the border to both CSS1 and CSS3. Currently these pages contain information about selectors and declarations I happen to find interesting, or whose browser compatibility is very complicated..."

Architecting CSS, By Garrett Dimon. Digital Web Magazine, July 18, 2005. "With nearly ubiquitous standards support among modern browsers, we’re turning to CSS to handle presentational heavy lifting more than ever. The more we rely upon CSS, the larger and more complex CSS files become. These files bring with them a few maintenance and organizational challenges..."

How to Use CSS to Solve min-width Problems in Internet Explorer, By Stu Nicholls. Webreference.com, 25 July 2005. "The lack of support for minimum width in Internet Explorer has caused many problems for web designers. Until now, the only way to emulate min-width is to use either JavaScript or Internet Explorer expressions (indirect JavaScript). After many hours of experimenting, I've found a CSS only answer. My method requires additional divs to control the width and min-width but I believe this is a small price to pay for a non-JavaScript method that works cross-browser (even on Mac IE5)..."

Stuff and Nonsense: Strategies for CSS Switching - An excerpt from chapter 8 of Professional CSS, By Christopher Schmitt, Mark Trammell, Ethan Marcotte, Todd Dominey & Dunstan Orchard. Digital Web Magazine, July 18, 2005. "We wish we had some kung fu–esque robes handy. This is the chapter where we tell our dear readers to forget all that we have taught them about CSS so far, to look beyond the surface of the pool and discover the truth within the truth . . . or something like that..."

The 10 Best Resources for CSS. By Mark Daoust. Site Pro News, 20 July 2005. "If you have been paying attention, you certainly have noticed an increasing number of websites that are employing CSS and an increasing number of resources talking about how great CSS is. If you have not yet jumped on the CSS bandwagon, you may want to consider doing so immediately..."

Learn CSS: Pseudo Classes, Contributed by Michael Youssef. Style Sheets, 11 July 2005. "We met pseudo elements in the last article. In this article we will discuss pseudo classes, which give you the ability to apply certain styling rules on specific states of an element. In this part we discuss the following pseudo classes: :link, :visited, :hover, :active and :focus, :root, :first-child, and :last-child. Note that with CSS 3 there are many new pseudo classes. Not all of them are implemented, however, so I will discuss only the pseudo classes that have been implemented by the major browsers..."

W3C - Working Draft: CSS3 Values and Units 2005-07-28: The CSS Working Group has released an updated Working Draft of CSS3 Values and Units. The draft explains specified, computed, and actual values and defines common values and units in one specification which can be referred to by other CSS3 modules.

CSS An Introduction - Part Six: The Basics of Positioning, By Adrian Senior. CommunityMX. "In this, the sixth tutorial in the beginning CSS series, we are going to look at positioning our page elements with CSS. We will investigate the use of margins, and the positional properties of absolute, relative, and static. The aim of this tutorial is not to get overly complex or complicated; we just want to get these options buttoned down and understood..."

RobLab - How to find out the Text Size setting in IE. Robertnyman.com, July 14, 2005. "If you’re reading this, you’re probably interested in making your CSS-controlled layouts em-based, to be able to adapt the font, width of elements etc to the text size setting the user has in his/her web browser..."

Ten more CSS tricks you may not know, by Trenton Moss. Webcredible, August 2005. "Our article, Ten CSS tricks you may not know has proven to be such a success that we decided it was time to offer you ten more CSS tricks that you may not know..."

Automating Stylesheet Creation, by Bob DuCharme. XML.com, September 7, 2005. "Since the early days of XSLT, many have asked whether it was possible to automate the creation of XSLT stylesheets. The general idea of filling out a form or dragging some icons around, then clicking a button and seeing a productive stylesheet generated from your input has always appealed to people. However, the problem of generating working XSLT syntax from the result of someone clicking on pull-down menus and radio buttons has not attracted many takers..."

CSS & Accessibility posted 4th August 2005. "Here’s something that’s been playing on my mind recently. What role can CSS alone play in making websites accessible? WCAG says to separate content from presentation, so the implication is that using CSS for layout, colours, fonts, etc. makes a page more accessible. But what about more specific aspects?..."

Soup to Nuts: Making a CSS-based layout start to finish, By Nate Steiner. Design In-flight, January 2005. "A few years ago, it seemed we were almost to the point where anyone could make a web site. “What you see is what you get” (WYSIWYG) web tools that require no knowledge of HTML were becoming as ubiquitous as word processors and spreadsheet software..."

SEO Benefits Of CSS, by Steve Chittenden. Web Pro News, 19 September 2005. "This article is most useful if you are somewhat familiar with HTML and CSS. I explain the concepts well enough that you do not have to be an expert, but I want to provide material that will introduce you to more advanced design in ways you can understand..."

How to Use CSS to Position Horizontal Unordered Lists, By Stu Nicholls. Webreference.com, 26 August 2005. "Introduction - Let's say that you've chosen to use a horizontal styled unordered list for your navigation and have followed the generally accepted CSS methods put forward by the many CSS information sites on the web. All's well until you decide that you don't want your menu to be left aligned. You want to be able to position it centrally or to the right and this is where it starts to get tricky..."

An Introduction to MOSe, By Gordon Mackay. communitymx.com, September 22, 2005. "The term MOSe means Mozilla, Opera and Safari enhancement. In this article we will explore some practical ways in which you can spice up your CSS designs for users equipped with up to date browsing software. Due to the lack of modern CSS support in some browsers, many developers and designers find themselves in the rut of only using code that they know works for the masses. However, if we take advantage of modern CSS syntax and proprieatary code we can enhance aethetics beyond the norm for users with standards compliant browser software without sacrificing the experience for users equipped with older browsers. Let's have a look at some commonly used design elements and see how we can add some more flavour to them..."

Web Design - Creating a CSS Design from Scratch. Informit.com, September 14, 2005. "Even for experienced Web designers, creating a site in CSS for the first time can be a daunting task. In this tutorial, I'll help you face your first CSS site design without fear by breaking the process into three easy steps, starting with a blank canvas and finishing up with a fully functioning Web site. I used this very process to create an existing site, which I'll discuss more later in this guide..."

A CSS Framework, by Mike Stenhouse. Contentwithstyle.co.uk, 20 April 2005. "In my Modular CSS article I documented the possibility of breaking down stylesheets into components that could be reused across projects. All well and good. The next logical step is to extend this to become a CSS framework, allowing rapid development of sites with pre-written and tested components. All that's really required to produce this is a set of naming conventions and a flexible base template..."

Designing with CSS – Part 1: Understanding CSS Design Concepts, by Adrian Senior. macromedia.com, 2005. "Note: This article has been updated for Dreamweaver 8. If you are still using Dreamweaver MX 2004, please read the version of this article series for Dreamweaver MX 2004. The CSS features in Dreamweaver have been vastly improved in Dreamweaver 8. You can learn about those changes in Julie Hallstrom's article, An Overview of CSS in Dreamweaver 8..."

  • Designing with CSS – Part 2: Defining Style Properties and Working with Floats, by Adrian Senior. macromedia.com, 2005. "Note: This article has been updated for Dreamweaver 8. If you are still using Dreamweaver MX 2004, please read the version of this article series for Dreamweaver MX 2004. The CSS features in Dreamweaver have been vastly improved in Dreamweaver 8. You can learn about those changes in Julie Hallstrom's article, An Overview of CSS in Dreamweaver 8..."
  • Designing with CSS – Part 3: Creating Your First Design Without Tables, by Adrian Senior. Macromedia.com, 12 September 2005. "In this series, we review how you can use Dreamweaver 8 to move towards using CSS as a positioning technique when developing web pages. Now that you have completed Parts 1 and 2, you are ready to move on and create your first CSS-positioned layout. You will design a fixed-width page that allows the contents to flow. You will use an unordered list to create a horizontal navigation system. You will also design a banner image in Fireworks and use it on the page..."
  • Designing with CSS – Part 4: Creating a Two-Column Layout, by Adrian Senior. Macromedia.com, 12 September 2005. "In Part 4 you pick up from where you left off in Part 3. It's time to modify the layout of your design by easily making dramatic structural changes to your basiclayout.html page. If you wish, download the files from the link below or simply open your existing files in Dreamweaver and pick up from where you left off (at the end of Part 3)..."
  • Designing with CSS – Part 5: Defining Columns and Vertical List Navigation, by Adrian Senior. Macromedia.com, 12 September 2005. "In Part 5, you will use the design you created in Part 4. However, you will make some navigation changes. You will remove the horizontal list and replace it with a vertical navigation so that the new navigation system resides in the left column you added to the design in Part 4..."
  • Designing with CSS – Part 6: Deciding Whether to Float or Position Columns, by Adrian Senior. Macromedia.com, 12 September 2005. "In this, the final part in this series, I will review alternative methods to create a two-column layout..."

Lists and Screen Readers. Blackwidows.org.uk, October 13, 2005. "Over the past few years, and especially following Mark Newhouse’s article, Taming Lists, on A List Apart, usage of the styled lists within markup seems to have increased dramatically - particularly within the creation of site navigation menus. But do all styled lists offer the same level of accessibility?..."

Using Insert Div Tag in Dreamweaver MX 2004, by Virginia DeBolt. www.webteacher.ws. "One of the impediments to taking full advantage of CSS for users of Dreamweaver in the past has been the lack of an way to create a div with anything but the Draw Layer tool. In Dreamweaver MX 2004, Macromedia added a tool called Insert Div Tag for just that purpose..."

Working with TopStyle - Part 1, By Adrian Senior. CommunityMX, October 18, 2005. "n this series of tutorials we will be looking at integrating TopStyle with Dreamweaver and investigating the features that TopStyle provides us with for working with CSS files..."

Working with TopStyle - Part 2, By Adrian Senior. CommunityMX, October 21, 2005. "In this tutorial we will be looking at utilising TopStyle's report facilities to further enhance the information we can get on our style sheets and make maintenance much easier..."

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Last updated: 16 December 2005